Tianmen is a sub-prefecture-level city in Hubei Province, China.
It is on the west of Wuhan and east of Jingzhou. The old name is Jingling , which is where was from. It is the hometown of Lu Yu, who is regarded as the pioneer of planting Chinese tea widely.
In January 2008, a construction company general manager and blogger named Wei Wenhua was beaten to death by a group of at least 30 Chengguan for filming a dispute between villagers and government officials in Wanba, a village in Tianmen.
Monday, October 13, 2008
Shishou
Shishou is a county-level city in Jingzhou of Hubei province of the People's Republic of China.
Shishou is located in the South of the province, near the border with Hunan province.
Shishou City National Baiji Reserve for Chinese River Dolphins is nearby. Shishou is also the name of a river flowing into Yangtze River.
Shishou was occupied by Japanese troops in 1943.
Shishou is located in the South of the province, near the border with Hunan province.
Shishou City National Baiji Reserve for Chinese River Dolphins is nearby. Shishou is also the name of a river flowing into Yangtze River.
Shishou was occupied by Japanese troops in 1943.
Qianjiang, Hubei
Qianjiang is a sub-prefecture-level city in China's Hubei province.
Qianjiang is located in south-central Hubei province in the Jiang-Han plain. Its area 2,004 km?.
Qianjiang's climate is . Average annual temperature is 17 °C。
Qianjiang became a county in 965 during the Song dynasty. It was the early center of the Chu State.
Xianning has 15 , 1 economic development zone, and 6 management areas.
Qianjiang's population is just over 1 million.
Qianjiang has an important oil field. Qianjiang has the potential of producing 200 million tons of oil, more than 9000 m3 of natural gas, and 800 billion tons of rock salt.
Geography and Climate
Qianjiang is located in south-central Hubei province in the Jiang-Han plain. Its area 2,004 km?.
Qianjiang's climate is . Average annual temperature is 17 °C。
History
Qianjiang became a county in 965 during the Song dynasty. It was the early center of the Chu State.
Administration
Xianning has 15 , 1 economic development zone, and 6 management areas.
Demographics
Qianjiang's population is just over 1 million.
Economy
Qianjiang has an important oil field. Qianjiang has the potential of producing 200 million tons of oil, more than 9000 m3 of natural gas, and 800 billion tons of rock salt.
Tourism
Macheng
Macheng is a county-level city in Huanggang, Hubei, China.
Macheng abuts the south side of the Dabie Mountains in northeastern Hubei. The city covers about 3,600 square kilometers, and includes some 700 villages and small towns. Total population was 1.2 million at the last census.
Macheng has a long history, dating back to the Spring and Autumn Period as part of the Chu empire, and was the site of the famous Wu Chu battle . It was named Macheng in 598 AD.
In 1927, a major peasant revolt erupted in Macheng, creating a strong base for the ensuing Communist revolution in 1949. More than 100,000 people joined Mao’s Red Army under local Generals, Wang Shusheng and Chen Zaidao.
Macheng is rich in resources, with about one million under agricultural cultivation. Forests cover about three million mu , and water covers about 450,000 mu .
The main mineral reserves are basalt, marble, and silicon, with large deposits of jade, gold, silver, and copper, among others. The main plant crops are Chinese chestnuts, chrysanthemums, and persimmon fruit. The area is also famous for mulberry bushes and related silkworm production.
The main Beijing-Jiulong railway line,which connects Beijing and Hongkong, passes through the county.
Macheng abuts the south side of the Dabie Mountains in northeastern Hubei. The city covers about 3,600 square kilometers, and includes some 700 villages and small towns. Total population was 1.2 million at the last census.
History
Macheng has a long history, dating back to the Spring and Autumn Period as part of the Chu empire, and was the site of the famous Wu Chu battle . It was named Macheng in 598 AD.
In 1927, a major peasant revolt erupted in Macheng, creating a strong base for the ensuing Communist revolution in 1949. More than 100,000 people joined Mao’s Red Army under local Generals, Wang Shusheng and Chen Zaidao.
Economy
Macheng is rich in resources, with about one million under agricultural cultivation. Forests cover about three million mu , and water covers about 450,000 mu .
The main mineral reserves are basalt, marble, and silicon, with large deposits of jade, gold, silver, and copper, among others. The main plant crops are Chinese chestnuts, chrysanthemums, and persimmon fruit. The area is also famous for mulberry bushes and related silkworm production.
Transportation
The main Beijing-Jiulong railway line,which connects Beijing and Hongkong, passes through the county.
Laohekou
Laohekou is a county-level city in northwestern Hubei Province, China. It has an area of 1,032 km? and a population of 490,000 . It falls in the jurisdiction of Xiangfan prefecture-level city. The area includes the city of Laohekou proper, which has an area of 27 km?.
Jingzhou
Jingzhou is a city in the Hubei province of the People's Republic of China, on the banks of the Yangtze River . Population : 6.3 million. Urban population: 1.56 million.
The municipality has an area of 14,067 km?. It is higher on the west and lower on the east. It is densely covered by a network of waterways, as well as lakes.
Jingzhou is located on the middle reaches of the Chang Jiang , in the Jianghan Plain.
To its east there is Wuhan, to its west there are the Three Gorges, to its south there is Hunan province and to its north there is Jingmen city.
Jingzhou Municipality has jurisdiction over:
2 districts: Jingzhou District and Shashi District
3 counties: Jiangling County, Gong'an County, Jianli County
3 cities: Songzi, Shishou and Honghu
Jingzhou has been a transportation hub and distribution center of commodities for 6,000 years.
The ancient city of Jingzhou is what is now Jiangling District of Jingzhou City. It is situated in the middle reaches of the Chang Jiang, a strategic place of military importance since ancient times.
Jingzhou was the capital of 20 kings over 411 years of the State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States of the Zhou Dynasty.
The city is said to have been built with earth by Guan Yu in the Three Kingdoms period. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties period, it was the capital of the . In the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, it was the capital of the Nanping State.
Numerous sites have been preserved from the Chu State period, including the ruins of five Chu cities, 73 sites of the Chu Culture and more than 800 large ancient tombs, including those of 18 Chu kings.
There are also historical sites from the Three Kingdoms period, such as the Wulin Battlefield and Huarong Path.
The city walls were rebuilt in 1646 and measure 9 meters in height and 10 meters in depth. The perimeter of the wall extends for 9.3 kilometers. The city walls, city gates, watchtowers, and battlements have been maintained well. Many of the towers on top of the majestic city gates have been damaged or rebuilt, only leaving the Chaozong Tower which was rebuilt in 1838 on the Gongji Gate.
The Jingzhou museum is well-known, most notably for a well-preserved 2,000-year-old male corpse. Also on display are silk and lacquerware from the Warring States Period.
The following are represented: , , Manchu, Tujia, , Mongols.
Geography
The municipality has an area of 14,067 km?. It is higher on the west and lower on the east. It is densely covered by a network of waterways, as well as lakes.
Jingzhou is located on the middle reaches of the Chang Jiang , in the Jianghan Plain.
To its east there is Wuhan, to its west there are the Three Gorges, to its south there is Hunan province and to its north there is Jingmen city.
Administration
Jingzhou Municipality has jurisdiction over:
2 districts: Jingzhou District and Shashi District
3 counties: Jiangling County, Gong'an County, Jianli County
3 cities: Songzi, Shishou and Honghu
History
Jingzhou has been a transportation hub and distribution center of commodities for 6,000 years.
The ancient city of Jingzhou is what is now Jiangling District of Jingzhou City. It is situated in the middle reaches of the Chang Jiang, a strategic place of military importance since ancient times.
Jingzhou was the capital of 20 kings over 411 years of the State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States of the Zhou Dynasty.
The city is said to have been built with earth by Guan Yu in the Three Kingdoms period. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties period, it was the capital of the . In the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, it was the capital of the Nanping State.
Sights
Numerous sites have been preserved from the Chu State period, including the ruins of five Chu cities, 73 sites of the Chu Culture and more than 800 large ancient tombs, including those of 18 Chu kings.
There are also historical sites from the Three Kingdoms period, such as the Wulin Battlefield and Huarong Path.
The city walls were rebuilt in 1646 and measure 9 meters in height and 10 meters in depth. The perimeter of the wall extends for 9.3 kilometers. The city walls, city gates, watchtowers, and battlements have been maintained well. Many of the towers on top of the majestic city gates have been damaged or rebuilt, only leaving the Chaozong Tower which was rebuilt in 1838 on the Gongji Gate.
The Jingzhou museum is well-known, most notably for a well-preserved 2,000-year-old male corpse. Also on display are silk and lacquerware from the Warring States Period.
Demographics
The following are represented: , , Manchu, Tujia, , Mongols.
Jiangling County
Huangshi
Huangshi is a prefecture-level city in China's Hubei province.
The prefecture-level city of Huangshi is located in southeastern Hubei province, along the southwestern bank of one of the major bends in the Yangtze River. It is east of Wuhan and borders Jiangxi province to the south. Its area was reported by the local government as 4,583 km?; elsewhere, the number of 4,630 km? was given. The terrain is mostly small mountains and hills. The tallest mountain is 7 Summit Mountain with an elevation of 860 meters above sea-level. Huangshi is also located in a major lake district between Hunan's Dongting Lake and Jiangxi's Poyang lake and has dozens of large lakes.
Huangshi's climate is sub-temperate. Average annual temperature is 17 °C and precipitation is 1400 mm. There are 264 frost free days. It snows between December and February.
Huangshi has 4 , 1 development zone, 1 , and 1 .
City:
*Daye
Districts:
*Huangshigang
*Xisaishan
*Xialu
*Tieshan
County:
*
Development Zone:
*Huangshi Economic Development Zone
According to the Fifth Population Census of China , the entire prefecture-level city of Huangshi had 2,476,400 people, making for the population density of 540 people per square kilometer. A later estimate given elsewhere was for more than 2.53 million people. More than 99% of the population belong to the ethnic group.
According to Google Map there are 686.894 people in Huangshi; this refers, presumably, to Huangshi's urban core , and excludes the far-flung , Daye, and Tieshan.
Huangshi's GDP for 2003 was 27.5 billion CNY. Its proximity to Wuhan and location along major rail lines and the Yangtze River make Huangshi an important logistics, distribution, and transportation hub. Mineral resources are plentiful in Huangshi giving it he nickname "The Southern Cornucopia". Metals include iron, manganese, gold, copper, tungsten, molybdenum, zinc, lead, cobalt, silver, gallium, and thallium. Other mineral resources include germanium, indium, selenium, tellurium, sulfur, calcite, limestone, , plaster, and many others.
Agriculture is also a major part of Huangshi's economy. There are more than 3000 species of plants in Huangshi many of them used for food, phamaceuticals, and fragrance.
Other industries include metallurgy, textiles, contsruction materials, energy, light manufacturing, electronics, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and food processing.
Huangshi has beautiful natural scenery such as lakes and mountains. One of its more famous sites is Feiyun Cave.
*Cheng Fei, gymnast
Geography and Climate
The prefecture-level city of Huangshi is located in southeastern Hubei province, along the southwestern bank of one of the major bends in the Yangtze River. It is east of Wuhan and borders Jiangxi province to the south. Its area was reported by the local government as 4,583 km?; elsewhere, the number of 4,630 km? was given. The terrain is mostly small mountains and hills. The tallest mountain is 7 Summit Mountain with an elevation of 860 meters above sea-level. Huangshi is also located in a major lake district between Hunan's Dongting Lake and Jiangxi's Poyang lake and has dozens of large lakes.
Huangshi's climate is sub-temperate. Average annual temperature is 17 °C and precipitation is 1400 mm. There are 264 frost free days. It snows between December and February.
Administration
Huangshi has 4 , 1 development zone, 1 , and 1 .
City:
*Daye
Districts:
*Huangshigang
*Xisaishan
*Xialu
*Tieshan
County:
*
Development Zone:
*Huangshi Economic Development Zone
Demographics
According to the Fifth Population Census of China , the entire prefecture-level city of Huangshi had 2,476,400 people, making for the population density of 540 people per square kilometer. A later estimate given elsewhere was for more than 2.53 million people. More than 99% of the population belong to the ethnic group.
According to Google Map there are 686.894 people in Huangshi; this refers, presumably, to Huangshi's urban core , and excludes the far-flung , Daye, and Tieshan.
Economy
Huangshi's GDP for 2003 was 27.5 billion CNY. Its proximity to Wuhan and location along major rail lines and the Yangtze River make Huangshi an important logistics, distribution, and transportation hub. Mineral resources are plentiful in Huangshi giving it he nickname "The Southern Cornucopia". Metals include iron, manganese, gold, copper, tungsten, molybdenum, zinc, lead, cobalt, silver, gallium, and thallium. Other mineral resources include germanium, indium, selenium, tellurium, sulfur, calcite, limestone, , plaster, and many others.
Agriculture is also a major part of Huangshi's economy. There are more than 3000 species of plants in Huangshi many of them used for food, phamaceuticals, and fragrance.
Other industries include metallurgy, textiles, contsruction materials, energy, light manufacturing, electronics, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and food processing.
Tourism
Huangshi has beautiful natural scenery such as lakes and mountains. One of its more famous sites is Feiyun Cave.
Notable residents
*Cheng Fei, gymnast
Huanggang, Hubei
Huanggang City is a major municipality in eastern Hubei Province, China. It is situated to the north of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and is bounded in the north by the Dabie Shan mountain range.
Seven counties fall under its jurisdiction plus two county-level cities , as well as two direct administrative divisions .
The complete municipality covers 9,861 square kilometers and the total population was 7,227,000 at the 2002 census.
Huanggang has a history of at least 2,000 years.
Huanggang is home to several significant cultural sites of historical interest, such as the Buddhist Ancestral Hall of Sakyamuni at Doufang Mountain, Wuzu Temple and its Changchun Nunnery, and Dongpo Red Cliff.
Huanggang is the home of Huanggang Middle School which is one of the most famous middle schools of China,making it a city brand. The school is especially famous for its diligent students and excellent records in National College Entrance Examination. Textbooks edited by teachers from this school are widely recognized and popular all over the country.
Huanggang Normal University is also in Huanggang.
Huanggang has a diversified economy, ranging from bio- and herbal medicine to manufacturing, agriculture, and tourism. Since ancient times, Huanggang has been renowned for local specialties such as the "Qichun Four Treasures" , Huangmei "tiaohua" embroidery, and Wuxue "zhangshuiqian" bamboo products. Today, Huanggang at large is recognized for organic vegetables. With its "Guihuaxiang" brand of chestnuts, Luotian is the leading chestnut-growing county in all of China. is famous for its "cloud mist" green tea. Qichun, of course, is famous for herbal medicine. Macheng is a national model county for cattle breeding. Huangmei is a major center of freshwater shrimp and fragrant jade rice production. And Hongan peanut production ranks the first in Hubei Province.
Huanggang enjoys an excellent transportation infrastructure. Wuhan airport is only 90 kilometers to the west, while Jiujiang airport in Jiangxi Province to the east is only 160km away. Being on the Yangtze River, Wuhan main port is within 80km and Huangzhou city has a small bulk-handling port. There is an extensive road network, with three north-south and seven east-west major roads within the main city area. The city also is served by several new expressways, including the north-south "Jingzhu" expressway and the east-west Wuhan to Shanghai expressway. Huanggang also is on the main north-south "Jingjiu" and "Jingguang" railway lines. And to cross the Yangtze by road, there are three bridges routes: to Ezhou, Huangshi, and Jiujiang.
Huanggang prefecture is the birthplace of several famous Chinese inventors, scientists, and scholars, including:
Bi Sheng, the inventor of movable type printing;
, ancient idealist philosopher;
Li Shizhen, herbalist and author of the ancient medical classic ''Compendium of Materia Medica'';
Li Siguang, ecologist;
Lin Biao, One of the ten marshals in China;
Wen Yiduo, patriotic poet.
As well, Huanggang is famous for breeding military and political leaders. Hongan County is known as the "County of Generals" in that more than 400 Chinese army generals have been born there, a total far greater than for any other county in all of China. In addition, former military leader and President of China, Li Xiannian , was born in Hongan.
Seven counties fall under its jurisdiction plus two county-level cities , as well as two direct administrative divisions .
The complete municipality covers 9,861 square kilometers and the total population was 7,227,000 at the 2002 census.
History
Huanggang has a history of at least 2,000 years.
Cultural Heritage
Huanggang is home to several significant cultural sites of historical interest, such as the Buddhist Ancestral Hall of Sakyamuni at Doufang Mountain, Wuzu Temple and its Changchun Nunnery, and Dongpo Red Cliff.
Education
Huanggang is the home of Huanggang Middle School which is one of the most famous middle schools of China,making it a city brand. The school is especially famous for its diligent students and excellent records in National College Entrance Examination. Textbooks edited by teachers from this school are widely recognized and popular all over the country.
Huanggang Normal University is also in Huanggang.
Economy
Huanggang has a diversified economy, ranging from bio- and herbal medicine to manufacturing, agriculture, and tourism. Since ancient times, Huanggang has been renowned for local specialties such as the "Qichun Four Treasures" , Huangmei "tiaohua" embroidery, and Wuxue "zhangshuiqian" bamboo products. Today, Huanggang at large is recognized for organic vegetables. With its "Guihuaxiang" brand of chestnuts, Luotian is the leading chestnut-growing county in all of China. is famous for its "cloud mist" green tea. Qichun, of course, is famous for herbal medicine. Macheng is a national model county for cattle breeding. Huangmei is a major center of freshwater shrimp and fragrant jade rice production. And Hongan peanut production ranks the first in Hubei Province.
Transportation
Huanggang enjoys an excellent transportation infrastructure. Wuhan airport is only 90 kilometers to the west, while Jiujiang airport in Jiangxi Province to the east is only 160km away. Being on the Yangtze River, Wuhan main port is within 80km and Huangzhou city has a small bulk-handling port. There is an extensive road network, with three north-south and seven east-west major roads within the main city area. The city also is served by several new expressways, including the north-south "Jingzhu" expressway and the east-west Wuhan to Shanghai expressway. Huanggang also is on the main north-south "Jingjiu" and "Jingguang" railway lines. And to cross the Yangtze by road, there are three bridges routes: to Ezhou, Huangshi, and Jiujiang.
Famous Persons
Huanggang prefecture is the birthplace of several famous Chinese inventors, scientists, and scholars, including:
Bi Sheng, the inventor of movable type printing;
, ancient idealist philosopher;
Li Shizhen, herbalist and author of the ancient medical classic ''Compendium of Materia Medica'';
Li Siguang, ecologist;
Lin Biao, One of the ten marshals in China;
Wen Yiduo, patriotic poet.
As well, Huanggang is famous for breeding military and political leaders. Hongan County is known as the "County of Generals" in that more than 400 Chinese army generals have been born there, a total far greater than for any other county in all of China. In addition, former military leader and President of China, Li Xiannian , was born in Hongan.
References & Links
Honghu
Honghu is a city in Hubei province in central China. As of 2000, it had a population of 335,618 or more people. It is a small city west of Wuhan on the Yangtze River, where Rewi Alley carried out flood relief in 1932 and is still celebrated as an important supporter of the 20th century . There are also a half a dozen small-scale industrial co-operatives fostered by the Gung Ho Cooperative movement that he founded in the 1980s shortly before he died. The city is named after the adjacent lake with the same name, Hong Hu , literally meaning flooding lake, originated from its periodic flooding in ancient time. On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month the "Dragon Boat Festival" is celebrated on Lake Honghu. Lake Honghu produces forty kinds of fish and an abundance of plants, such as lotus, reed and a type of black algae.
The scenic Lake Honghu was the centerpiece of a revolutionary Chinese opera: "The Red Guards of Lake Honghu" which was based on a true story about the and its struggle with the Kuomintang in the Chinese Civil War.
The region was important in Chinese history and the history of Communist Party of China in that during the Chinese Civil War in the pre-World War II era, the city and nearby regions including the lake were part of an important communist stronghold called Hunan-Western Hubei Soviet under the reign of future communist Field Marshal He Long for most of the time in its existence. Hunan-Western Hubei Soviet was actually a collection of several isolated communist bases linked together by areas with strong communist guerrilla activities and Honghu Soviet was the largest among all communist bases consisting Hunan-Western Hubei Soviet. The communist stronghold survived until 1934 when it was finally crushed by the joint forces of Chiang Kai-shek and various allied with Chiang.
A synopsis of this story which happened on Lake Honghu:
In 1954, Yangtze River had a huge flood that only occurred once a century, and in order to save major cities including Wuhan, Honghu was designated as the flooded area, resulting in nearly a million local residents becoming refugees after the entire county was flooded. As the flood subsided and refugees returned to begin rebuilding, another political disaster struck the county that was already devastated by the flood: on May 5, 1955, Mao Zedong personally claimed that the time was critical for collectivization, and ordered the immediate start of collectivization, which must be completed within three years.
The local communist party secretary Mr. Li Jinyu who had just assigned to the area in 1955 and witnessed the devastation first hand, strongly opposed Mao's foolish policy and openly claimed that there must be pre-requisit conditions that must be met before collectivization and Honghu had not met any of them. Instead, Mr. Li Jinyu successfully convinced his colleagues to adopt a totally different economic policy that was completely against Mao's wish, market economy , which immediately proved to be a great success: not only the county was fully recovered from the total devastation within a year, the average industrial annual growth was 17.7% and average agricultural annual growth was 11.3%. In the era where most Chinese peasants were only able to eat meat once a year during the Chinese new year, the local peasantry students at all schools in Honghu county were guaranteed a meal of chicken, a meal of fish, and a meal of meat every week. However, the good time would not last long and Li and Mr. Li Jinyu and his colleagues, as well as the local population would later pay a heavy price for going against Mao Zedong's will. Mr. Li Jinyu was obviously keenly aware this and asked local populace to be prepared by stocking grains and other foods at their homes.
In accordance with Mao Zedong's Great Leap Forward, the communist party apparatus at prefecture level issued order on July 4, 1958 to produce forty thousand tons of steel, thirty-six thousand tons of iron, and over half a million people were mobilized for this effort. Another three thousand were mobilized to logging in order to meet the fuel demand of making steel and iron. Honghu, a county belong to the prefecture could be no exception and Mr. Li Jinyu 's own son, Mr. Li Shutang , a student at the time, was among those mobilized. After witnessing the furnance hastily built at his son's school, which was completely useless but still functioned due to the political reason, Mr. Li Jinyu only muttered one sentence:"This is a joke!", but he and his colleagues were powerless to stop the foolish policy that was issued by the Chinese paramount leader Mao Zedong. Once his son Li Shutang excitedly told him that there average yield of a single hactre of rice reached 100 tons, Mr. Li Jinyu angrily shut his son up by telling the truth: that was the total production of twenty hactres of rice put into one, the propaganda had lied.
The consequence of Mao's distratrous policy soon appeared: since June, 1959, according to official records of the Chinese government, the death of local prefecture numbered 115,844 in 1960, which was more than the double of the average annual death of 50,000. The price at Honghu county sky rocketed and the number of people becoming ill due to starvation drastically increased. Mr. Li Jinyu and his colleague decided to save the local population totaling more than half a million from starvation, which ultimately would doom their fates.
Massive death in the local Jingzhou prefecture forced the local cadres at prefecture level to gather as much grains as possible, and Honghu county, the only county in the prefecture without death caused by starvation, became their only target. The local communist party secretary of Jingzhou prefecture, Mr. Xue Tan , asked Mr. Li Jinyu to only leave 13.5 kg of grains of monthly rations for each resident of Honghu, and give out the rest. Mr. Li Jinyu refused, argued that it would at least take 15 kg of monthly ration to prevent death resulting from starvation. After much arguments without any satisfactory result, Mr. Li Jinyu decided to go against his superior's order and allow the local populace to have enough to eat. As a result, in an era all other counties suffered tens of thousands death resulting from starvation, Honghu county did not loose a single person to starvation, and the local population of Honghu county actually increased by 15.52‰ .
Mr. Li Jinyu and his colleagues soon paid their price for saving the local population. Even before the Cultural Revolution, the local cadres were persecuted. In October, 1964, the communist apparatus at the Jingzhou prefecture level decided that the communist organization of Honghu county was completely "rotten" and Mr. Li Jinyu and his colleagues were struggled in public trials in front of ten thousand people. In April, 1965, the charge became much more serious, the local communists of Honghu county headed by Mr. Li Jinyu was accused of being reestablishing capitalism. In February, 1966, the local communists of Honghu county were accused of establishing independent kingdoms, forming reactionary anti-communism revisionist group, a serious political crime that was punishable by death. Finally, in 1966, a total of 341 cadres of Honghu county, or 90% of the county administrators and local communists in charge, including communist party scretary Mr. Li Jinyu , first deputy communist party scretary Mr. Xu Wei , deputy communist party scretaries Han Yaohui , Ma Xiangkui , and Gu Chengqi were all arrested and sent directly to labor camps without trials or any other legal proceedings, and everyone received at least ten years jail terms, with Mr. Li Jinyu had the longest, a fifteen-year term. The persecution had such devastation on those suffered that many, including the former deputy communist party scretary Mr. Xu Wei refused to be interviewed about the experience, even in the 2000s, more than three decades later. The subject remain a taboo in official documents by the Chinese government until this day, but those local populace who survived the massive famine thanks to what Mr. Li Jinyu had done would remember him. After Mr. Li Jinyu had passed away on October 8, 2002, many of those who had experienced the famine went to his funeral to honor him, including many who could not go but insisted on being carried to the funeral.
*
The scenic Lake Honghu was the centerpiece of a revolutionary Chinese opera: "The Red Guards of Lake Honghu" which was based on a true story about the and its struggle with the Kuomintang in the Chinese Civil War.
Role in Chinese communist history
The region was important in Chinese history and the history of Communist Party of China in that during the Chinese Civil War in the pre-World War II era, the city and nearby regions including the lake were part of an important communist stronghold called Hunan-Western Hubei Soviet under the reign of future communist Field Marshal He Long for most of the time in its existence. Hunan-Western Hubei Soviet was actually a collection of several isolated communist bases linked together by areas with strong communist guerrilla activities and Honghu Soviet was the largest among all communist bases consisting Hunan-Western Hubei Soviet. The communist stronghold survived until 1934 when it was finally crushed by the joint forces of Chiang Kai-shek and various allied with Chiang.
A synopsis of this story which happened on Lake Honghu:
Market Economy in the 1950s
In 1954, Yangtze River had a huge flood that only occurred once a century, and in order to save major cities including Wuhan, Honghu was designated as the flooded area, resulting in nearly a million local residents becoming refugees after the entire county was flooded. As the flood subsided and refugees returned to begin rebuilding, another political disaster struck the county that was already devastated by the flood: on May 5, 1955, Mao Zedong personally claimed that the time was critical for collectivization, and ordered the immediate start of collectivization, which must be completed within three years.
The local communist party secretary Mr. Li Jinyu who had just assigned to the area in 1955 and witnessed the devastation first hand, strongly opposed Mao's foolish policy and openly claimed that there must be pre-requisit conditions that must be met before collectivization and Honghu had not met any of them. Instead, Mr. Li Jinyu successfully convinced his colleagues to adopt a totally different economic policy that was completely against Mao's wish, market economy , which immediately proved to be a great success: not only the county was fully recovered from the total devastation within a year, the average industrial annual growth was 17.7% and average agricultural annual growth was 11.3%. In the era where most Chinese peasants were only able to eat meat once a year during the Chinese new year, the local peasantry students at all schools in Honghu county were guaranteed a meal of chicken, a meal of fish, and a meal of meat every week. However, the good time would not last long and Li and Mr. Li Jinyu and his colleagues, as well as the local population would later pay a heavy price for going against Mao Zedong's will. Mr. Li Jinyu was obviously keenly aware this and asked local populace to be prepared by stocking grains and other foods at their homes.
Honghu during the Great Leap Forward
In accordance with Mao Zedong's Great Leap Forward, the communist party apparatus at prefecture level issued order on July 4, 1958 to produce forty thousand tons of steel, thirty-six thousand tons of iron, and over half a million people were mobilized for this effort. Another three thousand were mobilized to logging in order to meet the fuel demand of making steel and iron. Honghu, a county belong to the prefecture could be no exception and Mr. Li Jinyu 's own son, Mr. Li Shutang , a student at the time, was among those mobilized. After witnessing the furnance hastily built at his son's school, which was completely useless but still functioned due to the political reason, Mr. Li Jinyu only muttered one sentence:"This is a joke!", but he and his colleagues were powerless to stop the foolish policy that was issued by the Chinese paramount leader Mao Zedong. Once his son Li Shutang excitedly told him that there average yield of a single hactre of rice reached 100 tons, Mr. Li Jinyu angrily shut his son up by telling the truth: that was the total production of twenty hactres of rice put into one, the propaganda had lied.
The consequence of Mao's distratrous policy soon appeared: since June, 1959, according to official records of the Chinese government, the death of local prefecture numbered 115,844 in 1960, which was more than the double of the average annual death of 50,000. The price at Honghu county sky rocketed and the number of people becoming ill due to starvation drastically increased. Mr. Li Jinyu and his colleague decided to save the local population totaling more than half a million from starvation, which ultimately would doom their fates.
Honghu in the Great Chinese Famine
Massive death in the local Jingzhou prefecture forced the local cadres at prefecture level to gather as much grains as possible, and Honghu county, the only county in the prefecture without death caused by starvation, became their only target. The local communist party secretary of Jingzhou prefecture, Mr. Xue Tan , asked Mr. Li Jinyu to only leave 13.5 kg of grains of monthly rations for each resident of Honghu, and give out the rest. Mr. Li Jinyu refused, argued that it would at least take 15 kg of monthly ration to prevent death resulting from starvation. After much arguments without any satisfactory result, Mr. Li Jinyu decided to go against his superior's order and allow the local populace to have enough to eat. As a result, in an era all other counties suffered tens of thousands death resulting from starvation, Honghu county did not loose a single person to starvation, and the local population of Honghu county actually increased by 15.52‰ .
Honghu county during Cultural Revolution
Mr. Li Jinyu and his colleagues soon paid their price for saving the local population. Even before the Cultural Revolution, the local cadres were persecuted. In October, 1964, the communist apparatus at the Jingzhou prefecture level decided that the communist organization of Honghu county was completely "rotten" and Mr. Li Jinyu and his colleagues were struggled in public trials in front of ten thousand people. In April, 1965, the charge became much more serious, the local communists of Honghu county headed by Mr. Li Jinyu was accused of being reestablishing capitalism. In February, 1966, the local communists of Honghu county were accused of establishing independent kingdoms, forming reactionary anti-communism revisionist group, a serious political crime that was punishable by death. Finally, in 1966, a total of 341 cadres of Honghu county, or 90% of the county administrators and local communists in charge, including communist party scretary Mr. Li Jinyu , first deputy communist party scretary Mr. Xu Wei , deputy communist party scretaries Han Yaohui , Ma Xiangkui , and Gu Chengqi were all arrested and sent directly to labor camps without trials or any other legal proceedings, and everyone received at least ten years jail terms, with Mr. Li Jinyu had the longest, a fifteen-year term. The persecution had such devastation on those suffered that many, including the former deputy communist party scretary Mr. Xu Wei refused to be interviewed about the experience, even in the 2000s, more than three decades later. The subject remain a taboo in official documents by the Chinese government until this day, but those local populace who survived the massive famine thanks to what Mr. Li Jinyu had done would remember him. After Mr. Li Jinyu had passed away on October 8, 2002, many of those who had experienced the famine went to his funeral to honor him, including many who could not go but insisted on being carried to the funeral.
Noteworthy people born in Honghu
*
Hanyang District
The Hanyang Arsenal is known for its production of the so-called "" - an indigenous Asian copy of the German Model 1888 Commission Rifle, which was heavily used in WW2, as well as in the Korean and Vietnam conflicts.
Hankou
Hankou is one of the three towns, together with and , which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei province, China. Along with the other two sister towns, it stands at the mouth of the , where it merges with the .
Hankou is the main port of Hubei province.
On October 10, 1911, a revolution to establish the Republic of China and replace the Qing Dynasty led to the involvement of Hankou in the struggle between Hubei revolutionary forces and the Qing army, led by Yuan Shikai. Although the revolution began in Wuchang with a revolt started by members of the New Army, revolutionaries quickly captured major strategic cities and towns throughout the province, including Hankou on October 12. The Qing Dynasty Army recaptured Hankou later, but as the revolution spread throughout China, eventually the town and the province came under control of the Republic of China.
Hankou used to have five colonial concessions from the United Kingdom, France, Russia, Germany and Japan. The German and Russian concessions were administered by the Chinese government after the First World War. The British left in 1927 after Chinese nationalist riots. The French and Japanese left after the Second World War.
=History=
Hankow was the destination on the route of escape from the Northern provinces of groups of missionaries fleeing the around 1900. Some fleeing from the in are recorded in the work one of the fleeing missionaries.
----
Hankou is the main port of Hubei province.
On October 10, 1911, a revolution to establish the Republic of China and replace the Qing Dynasty led to the involvement of Hankou in the struggle between Hubei revolutionary forces and the Qing army, led by Yuan Shikai. Although the revolution began in Wuchang with a revolt started by members of the New Army, revolutionaries quickly captured major strategic cities and towns throughout the province, including Hankou on October 12. The Qing Dynasty Army recaptured Hankou later, but as the revolution spread throughout China, eventually the town and the province came under control of the Republic of China.
Hankou used to have five colonial concessions from the United Kingdom, France, Russia, Germany and Japan. The German and Russian concessions were administered by the Chinese government after the First World War. The British left in 1927 after Chinese nationalist riots. The French and Japanese left after the Second World War.
=History=
Missionaries escape
Hankow was the destination on the route of escape from the Northern provinces of groups of missionaries fleeing the around 1900. Some fleeing from the in are recorded in the work one of the fleeing missionaries.
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Guangshui
Guangshui is a Chinese city of approximately 137,000 inhabitants located in Suizhou, Hubei, China.
Ezhou
Ezhou is a prefecture-level city in China's Hubei province.
Ezhou is located in southeastern Hubei province east of , along the southern bank of the Yangtze River. It has a relatively small area of 1,504 km?.
''See also ''
Ezhou has a long rich history. In the Eastern Han dynasty, it was given the name of "E". Its administrative region was changed several times but the name stayed the same until the Three Kingdoms. During the Three Kingdoms, it was made the capital of the Wu Kingdom by Sun Quan and was named Wuchang. Throughout China's history it has remained an important city politically, economically, and militarily with its strategic position along the middle part of the Yangtze River. It is also an important place in the history of the .
Ezhou has 3 .
Districts:
*Echeng
*Huarong (华容区）
*Liangzhihu (梁子湖区）
Ezhou has a population of more than 1 million people.
Ezhou has 6 ports on the Yangtze including one than can handle up to 10,000 ton vessels. Many important rail lines and national highways cross through the area. This infrastructure make it a major logistics and distribution center. Important industries include metallurgy, construction materials, textiles, chemicals, and machinery.
The passenger train station, located east of downtown, is served by a large number of long-distance passenger trains that pass Ezhou on their way from Wuhan to cities in the east. In Hubei, there are no commuter trains per se, but it takes only about 1 hour to reach Wuhan's Wuchang train station from Ezhou using any of those trains.
Ezhou has several sites famous for their natural beauty. The West Hill is in the heart of the city and Lotus Hill is nearby. There are also three lakes, Liangzhi, Yanglang, and Honglian.
Geography and Climate
Ezhou is located in southeastern Hubei province east of , along the southern bank of the Yangtze River. It has a relatively small area of 1,504 km?.
History
''See also ''
Ezhou has a long rich history. In the Eastern Han dynasty, it was given the name of "E". Its administrative region was changed several times but the name stayed the same until the Three Kingdoms. During the Three Kingdoms, it was made the capital of the Wu Kingdom by Sun Quan and was named Wuchang. Throughout China's history it has remained an important city politically, economically, and militarily with its strategic position along the middle part of the Yangtze River. It is also an important place in the history of the .
Administration
Ezhou has 3 .
Districts:
*Echeng
*Huarong (华容区）
*Liangzhihu (梁子湖区）
Demographics
Ezhou has a population of more than 1 million people.
Economy
Ezhou has 6 ports on the Yangtze including one than can handle up to 10,000 ton vessels. Many important rail lines and national highways cross through the area. This infrastructure make it a major logistics and distribution center. Important industries include metallurgy, construction materials, textiles, chemicals, and machinery.
The passenger train station, located east of downtown, is served by a large number of long-distance passenger trains that pass Ezhou on their way from Wuhan to cities in the east. In Hubei, there are no commuter trains per se, but it takes only about 1 hour to reach Wuhan's Wuchang train station from Ezhou using any of those trains.
Tourism
Ezhou has several sites famous for their natural beauty. The West Hill is in the heart of the city and Lotus Hill is nearby. There are also three lakes, Liangzhi, Yanglang, and Honglian.
Enshi City
Enshi is a city of a little more than 100,000 inhabitants located in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, the south of the province of Hubei in the People's Republic of China.
Daye
Daye is a county-level city within the prefecture-level city of Huangshi, in eastern Hubei, China.
Before the adoption of the Hanyu Pinyin, the name of the city was often transcribed in English as Tayeh.
As it is usually the case with , Daye includes both an urban core and a fair amount of rural land in all directions, with smaller townships such as Dajipu . According to the Fifth Population Census of China , the entire county-level city of Daye had 813,600 residents, making for the population density of 558 people per square kilometer.
The city is served by the China National Highway 106 and a railway.
The Daye Lake south of Daye's urban core is surrounded by parks and fishing ponds, and is a popular place for recreation.
For a traveller who goes on G316 from Wuhan toward the south-east, Daye appears as a border between more urban and more rural parts of the province. Daye sits on the south-eastern border of the heavily industrialized Wuhan/Ezhou/Huangshi metropolitan area; south of it, the much more rural begins.
Daye is an industrial city, a center of mining and metallurgy; its name means 'Big Smeltery'. Among the major employers is Huangshi Daye Non-ferrous Metals Co., Ltd.
Daye County existed on and off for centuries; as recently as the WWII period, it included much of today's prefecture-level city of Huangshi. This means that pre-1949 references to a location in "Daye" or "Tayeh" may actually refer to anywhere within today's Huangshi.
Daye County was re-established on June 1, 1962, now on a rather smaller scale, as part of Huangshi City. On February 18, 1994 Daye was converted into a county-level city, still within the prefecture-level city of Huangshi.
Before the adoption of the Hanyu Pinyin, the name of the city was often transcribed in English as Tayeh.
As it is usually the case with , Daye includes both an urban core and a fair amount of rural land in all directions, with smaller townships such as Dajipu . According to the Fifth Population Census of China , the entire county-level city of Daye had 813,600 residents, making for the population density of 558 people per square kilometer.
The city is served by the China National Highway 106 and a railway.
The Daye Lake south of Daye's urban core is surrounded by parks and fishing ponds, and is a popular place for recreation.
For a traveller who goes on G316 from Wuhan toward the south-east, Daye appears as a border between more urban and more rural parts of the province. Daye sits on the south-eastern border of the heavily industrialized Wuhan/Ezhou/Huangshi metropolitan area; south of it, the much more rural begins.
Economy
Daye is an industrial city, a center of mining and metallurgy; its name means 'Big Smeltery'. Among the major employers is Huangshi Daye Non-ferrous Metals Co., Ltd.
History
Daye County existed on and off for centuries; as recently as the WWII period, it included much of today's prefecture-level city of Huangshi. This means that pre-1949 references to a location in "Daye" or "Tayeh" may actually refer to anywhere within today's Huangshi.
Daye County was re-established on June 1, 1962, now on a rather smaller scale, as part of Huangshi City. On February 18, 1994 Daye was converted into a county-level city, still within the prefecture-level city of Huangshi.
Danjiangkou
Danjiangkou is a city in the Hubei province of China. It has a population of more than 150,000.
Dangyang
Dangyang City , in Hubei Province, China, lies 70 east of the Gezhouba Dam on the Yangtze River. During the Western Han Dynasty . Emperor Jing of Han established an administration in Dangyang on an area of 2000 km?. In 1988 the State Council of the People's Republic of China elevated this from a county to a municipality.
Dangyang used to be a strategic point in ancient wars. Sun Bin and Pang Juan, two famous strategists of the Warring States Period studied military affairs from Gui Guzi at Daxian Cave in Dangyang. The Green Woods Uprising was launched in Dangyang and several battles were fought in Dangyang during the Three Kingdoms Period .
Today Dangyang is a rapidly growing modern city with a population of over 100,000. While agriculture remains a key industry in Dangyang, industrial production now includes output in the areas of foodstuffs, building materials, textiles, chemicals, electronics, machinery, energy and packaging.
Dangyang used to be a strategic point in ancient wars. Sun Bin and Pang Juan, two famous strategists of the Warring States Period studied military affairs from Gui Guzi at Daxian Cave in Dangyang. The Green Woods Uprising was launched in Dangyang and several battles were fought in Dangyang during the Three Kingdoms Period .
Today Dangyang is a rapidly growing modern city with a population of over 100,000. While agriculture remains a key industry in Dangyang, industrial production now includes output in the areas of foodstuffs, building materials, textiles, chemicals, electronics, machinery, energy and packaging.
Badong County
Badong County is a county located in the extreme west of Hubei province in central China. The Yangtze River flows through the county and the county seat is located just east of the Wuxia Gorge in the Three Gorges region. Badong is famous for the Shen Nong Stream gorges located near Badong town.
The town is on the southern banks of the Yangtze River channel, flooded during the first decade of the 21st century after the construction of the Three Gorges Dam to the east. Badong town was mostly above the flood line and so more of the original town survives than is true of many other river towns along this section of the Yangtze. Coal mining in small pits is the main commercial activity in the region, along with farming. There is also a large cement factory on the river to the east of the town, which is a significant polluter.
The rural population of Badong county, as with many other parts of inland China, has seen major changes in the past two decades. The Chinese government's population control policies in the 1980s and beyond resulted in a sharp drop in births, and also in a change in attitudes, making many couples uninterested in having more than one child. The new freedom to travel and work in other parts of China has also led to a major exodus of workers to the coastal areas of China to find work. The older people tend to stay in the villages, and the workers often return to have their children, but they then generally return to the factories. The overall result is that many villages in Badong are shrinking and some terraced farmland in this largely mountaintainous region is being abandoned and allowed to return to its original state.
The town is on the southern banks of the Yangtze River channel, flooded during the first decade of the 21st century after the construction of the Three Gorges Dam to the east. Badong town was mostly above the flood line and so more of the original town survives than is true of many other river towns along this section of the Yangtze. Coal mining in small pits is the main commercial activity in the region, along with farming. There is also a large cement factory on the river to the east of the town, which is a significant polluter.
The rural population of Badong county, as with many other parts of inland China, has seen major changes in the past two decades. The Chinese government's population control policies in the 1980s and beyond resulted in a sharp drop in births, and also in a change in attitudes, making many couples uninterested in having more than one child. The new freedom to travel and work in other parts of China has also led to a major exodus of workers to the coastal areas of China to find work. The older people tend to stay in the villages, and the workers often return to have their children, but they then generally return to the factories. The overall result is that many villages in Badong are shrinking and some terraced farmland in this largely mountaintainous region is being abandoned and allowed to return to its original state.
Anlu
Anlu is a county-level city in mainland China in the province of Hubei. As of 1999, the population of the city was 112,529. It belongs administratively to Xiaogan city.
Zigui County
Zigui County is a in Yichang, in the central China province of Hubei. It encompasses the easternmost portion of the Yangtze River Gorges, including the Xiling Gorge .
The county seat of Zigui is now the town of Maoping, a few kilometers away from the Three Gorges Dam on the southern banks of the river. The original Zigui town was upstream to the west and was abandoned and submerged under the rising waters of the reservoir in the early years of the 21st century. Passenger boats and ferries travelling up and down the river usually dock at Taipingxi on the north bank close to the Dam, with buses taking people on to the city of Yichang to the east.
Most of Zigui is hilly or mountainous with basic farming and tea production. There are many small coal mines in the mountains, with the coal trucked to the river then loaded onto barges for shipping downstream.
The county seat of Zigui is now the town of Maoping, a few kilometers away from the Three Gorges Dam on the southern banks of the river. The original Zigui town was upstream to the west and was abandoned and submerged under the rising waters of the reservoir in the early years of the 21st century. Passenger boats and ferries travelling up and down the river usually dock at Taipingxi on the north bank close to the Dam, with buses taking people on to the city of Yichang to the east.
Most of Zigui is hilly or mountainous with basic farming and tea production. There are many small coal mines in the mountains, with the coal trucked to the river then loaded onto barges for shipping downstream.
Zhongxiang
Zhongxiang is a county-level city of Jingmen, Hubei province of the People's Republic of China.The name of Zhongxiang means "Blessed with propitious omen",which was gifted by Ming Shizong Emperor Jiajing in Ming Dynasty.Zhongxiang is a famous historic and cultural cities in China.
Zhongxiang is one of the cradles of the Chu culture. It was the alternate capital of the Chu state in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. And, during the Ming Dynasty, because of Ming Shizong Emperor Jiajing was born and lived in the city before he succeeded to the emperor, Zhongxiang, the place where the Chengtian Government Office, became one of the three major prefectures directly under the central government.
Jiajing's father Gongruixian Emperor Zhu Youyuan and mother Zhangsheng empress dowager, was buried at the Xianling Tomb, which was included on the List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 2000.
Zhongxiang,with a total land area of 4,488 square kilometers, is situated in the central part of Hubei Province. It lies at the north of Jianghan Plain, and the middle reaches of the Hanjiang River. Zhongxiang is at 66 m above sea level. Another city not far from Zhongxiang is Jingmen. After the building of the Three Gorges Dam a number of people from the Gaoyang area moved to the area around Zhongxiang.
Zhongxiang has a subtropical monsoon climate.The average annual temperature is 15.9 °C. July is the the hottest month, with an average temperature 27.8 °C or above, The highest temperature recorded in the city is 39.7 °C, reached in June 22, 1961. January is the coldest month, with an average temperature of 3 °C. The coldest temperature ever recorded in Zhongxiang was -15.3 °C on January 30, 1977.
Zhongxiang has abundant precipitation throughout the year, with average precipitation of 961.6 mm every year. Rain and heat occurring in the same season. Snow commonly occurres on December and January. Zhongxinag receives plenty of sunshine, with about 1930.8 to 2114.3 hours every year.
Zhongxiang is administratively equal to a county and is divided into 19 townships:
*Yingzhong , 49 km?, 170.991
*Yangzi , 403 km?, 68.341
*Changshou , 275 km?, 27.535
*Fengle , 162 km?, 68.700
*Huji , 393 km?, 129.891
*Shuanghe , 235 km?, 46.220
*Linkuang , 219 km?, 47.092
*Wenji , 128 km?, 44.405
*Lengshui , 314 km?, 47.393
*Shipai , 295 km?, 84.296
*Jiukou , 201 km?, 103.514
*Chaihu , 225 km?, 95.663
*Changtan , 153 km?, 20.338
*Dongqiao , 256 km?, 24.085
*Kedian , 293 km?, 14.581
*Zhangji , 289 km?, 22.805
*Jiuli , 99 km?, 16.718
*Xianling Tomb
*Mountain Dahong National Scenic Area
*Huangxian Cave famous for its karst landform
*Wenxia Reservoir
History
Zhongxiang is one of the cradles of the Chu culture. It was the alternate capital of the Chu state in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. And, during the Ming Dynasty, because of Ming Shizong Emperor Jiajing was born and lived in the city before he succeeded to the emperor, Zhongxiang, the place where the Chengtian Government Office, became one of the three major prefectures directly under the central government.
Jiajing's father Gongruixian Emperor Zhu Youyuan and mother Zhangsheng empress dowager, was buried at the Xianling Tomb, which was included on the List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 2000.
Geography
Zhongxiang,with a total land area of 4,488 square kilometers, is situated in the central part of Hubei Province. It lies at the north of Jianghan Plain, and the middle reaches of the Hanjiang River. Zhongxiang is at 66 m above sea level. Another city not far from Zhongxiang is Jingmen. After the building of the Three Gorges Dam a number of people from the Gaoyang area moved to the area around Zhongxiang.
Climate
Zhongxiang has a subtropical monsoon climate.The average annual temperature is 15.9 °C. July is the the hottest month, with an average temperature 27.8 °C or above, The highest temperature recorded in the city is 39.7 °C, reached in June 22, 1961. January is the coldest month, with an average temperature of 3 °C. The coldest temperature ever recorded in Zhongxiang was -15.3 °C on January 30, 1977.
Zhongxiang has abundant precipitation throughout the year, with average precipitation of 961.6 mm every year. Rain and heat occurring in the same season. Snow commonly occurres on December and January. Zhongxinag receives plenty of sunshine, with about 1930.8 to 2114.3 hours every year.
Administrative divisions
Zhongxiang is administratively equal to a county and is divided into 19 townships:
*Yingzhong , 49 km?, 170.991
*Yangzi , 403 km?, 68.341
*Changshou , 275 km?, 27.535
*Fengle , 162 km?, 68.700
*Huji , 393 km?, 129.891
*Shuanghe , 235 km?, 46.220
*Linkuang , 219 km?, 47.092
*Wenji , 128 km?, 44.405
*Lengshui , 314 km?, 47.393
*Shipai , 295 km?, 84.296
*Jiukou , 201 km?, 103.514
*Chaihu , 225 km?, 95.663
*Changtan , 153 km?, 20.338
*Dongqiao , 256 km?, 24.085
*Kedian , 293 km?, 14.581
*Zhangji , 289 km?, 22.805
*Jiuli , 99 km?, 16.718
Sites
*Xianling Tomb
*Mountain Dahong National Scenic Area
*Huangxian Cave famous for its karst landform
*Wenxia Reservoir
Zhijiang, Hubei
Zhijiang is a county-level city in Yichang Municipality, Hubei province. Yichang is probably best known for the Three Gorges hydro project. Until the 1990s Zhijiang was a county. There was another Zhijiang across the river, a city which now goes by a different name.
It is not to be confused with Zhijiang Dong Autonomous County of Hunan.
In October 2005, Zhijiang was in the news because one of the delegates to its People's Congress, Lu Banglie , a village-rights activist, was savagely beaten on October 8 2005 in the village of Taishi , in Yuwotou town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, by unknown persons. The beating was witnessed by Benjamin Joffe-Walt, correspondent for ''The Guardian'' newspaper of the , who was himself threatened and believed Lü had been killed.
Since 2004, Lü has been the popularly elected head of Baoyuesi village, on Bailizhou . He is the first elected village head in the history of the People's Republic of China.
The beating may have been intended to prevent a similar popular election from taking place in Taishi.
It is not to be confused with Zhijiang Dong Autonomous County of Hunan.
Lü Banglie
In October 2005, Zhijiang was in the news because one of the delegates to its People's Congress, Lu Banglie , a village-rights activist, was savagely beaten on October 8 2005 in the village of Taishi , in Yuwotou town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, by unknown persons. The beating was witnessed by Benjamin Joffe-Walt, correspondent for ''The Guardian'' newspaper of the , who was himself threatened and believed Lü had been killed.
Since 2004, Lü has been the popularly elected head of Baoyuesi village, on Bailizhou . He is the first elected village head in the history of the People's Republic of China.
The beating may have been intended to prevent a similar popular election from taking place in Taishi.
Zhicheng
Zhicheng is a Chinese city in the province of Hubei. As of 2005, it had a population of 159,000.
Zaoyang
Zaoyang is a county-level city administered by Xiangfan in Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
Zaoyang is the site of two major battles in the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and the Battle of Zaoyang-Yichang.
Zhaoyang is the birthplace of Nie Haisheng, the Commander of China's Shenzhou 6 manned spacecraft.
Zaoyang is the site of two major battles in the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and the Battle of Zaoyang-Yichang.
Zhaoyang is the birthplace of Nie Haisheng, the Commander of China's Shenzhou 6 manned spacecraft.
Xiantao
Xiantao is a city in the province of Hubei in central China. As of 2005, it had a population of 240,000.
Xiangyang
Xiangyang was a city famous for the Siege of Xiangyang by Mongol invaders. It was also an important city during the period of the Three Kingdoms, in the ''Romance of Three Kingdoms'' it was said that it was nearby Xiangyang that Zhuge Liang received his three visits from Liu Bei. Xiangyang was also where Sun Jian fought Liu Biao in 191 A.D during the Three Kingdoms. Today, Xiangyang has been incorporated with nearby Fancheng to form the prefecture-level city of Xiangfan, part of Hubei province.
Wuxue
Wuxue , formerly Guangji County , is a county-level city on the north shore of the Yangtze River in eastern Hubei province, China. Wuxue falls under the administration of Municipality.
Wuxue's total population is about 580,000 and the city extends over 1,200 square kilometers, almost all of which is cultivated.
The city has Mount Lu to the east, is close to the Qizhou hometown of famed ancient pharmacist Li Shizhen in neighboring Qichun County in the west, borders the Yangtze River in the south, and leans against the Dabie Shan mountain range in the north.
Wuxue is 220 kilometers downriver from the provincial capital of Wuhan and about 50 kilometers upriver from the port of Jiujiang city, on the south side of the Yangtze in Jiangxi province.
Wuxue opened as a port towards the end of the 16th century. Upon China signing the 1876 Yantai treaty with Britain, foreign merchants established an upgraded wharf.
The port's strategic advantage lies in its proximity to the juncture of three provinces — Hubei, Anhui, and Jiangxi — and serves as a central hub for commodity trade.
The port was modernized in 1953, with further-enhanced navigational improvements in 1975 and 1980. The total length of the port waterfront is now 14 kilometers, with 23 quay berths and many large warehouses, hoists, and cranes. The port handles both commodity and passenger traffic.
In addition to the port, Wuxue is known as the "Gateway to Three Provinces" . As well, it is served by the east-west inter-provincial Shanghai-Hibiscus Expressway, and is a major station on the Beijing-Guangzhou railway. A passenger ferry runs across the river and downstream to Jiujiang, and Wuxue is about one hour by car from Jiujiang airport.
Geography
Wuxue's total population is about 580,000 and the city extends over 1,200 square kilometers, almost all of which is cultivated.
The city has Mount Lu to the east, is close to the Qizhou hometown of famed ancient pharmacist Li Shizhen in neighboring Qichun County in the west, borders the Yangtze River in the south, and leans against the Dabie Shan mountain range in the north.
Wuxue is 220 kilometers downriver from the provincial capital of Wuhan and about 50 kilometers upriver from the port of Jiujiang city, on the south side of the Yangtze in Jiangxi province.
History
Wuxue opened as a port towards the end of the 16th century. Upon China signing the 1876 Yantai treaty with Britain, foreign merchants established an upgraded wharf.
The port's strategic advantage lies in its proximity to the juncture of three provinces — Hubei, Anhui, and Jiangxi — and serves as a central hub for commodity trade.
The port was modernized in 1953, with further-enhanced navigational improvements in 1975 and 1980. The total length of the port waterfront is now 14 kilometers, with 23 quay berths and many large warehouses, hoists, and cranes. The port handles both commodity and passenger traffic.
Transportation
In addition to the port, Wuxue is known as the "Gateway to Three Provinces" . As well, it is served by the east-west inter-provincial Shanghai-Hibiscus Expressway, and is a major station on the Beijing-Guangzhou railway. A passenger ferry runs across the river and downstream to Jiujiang, and Wuxue is about one hour by car from Jiujiang airport.
Wuchang District
History
The old Wuchang county
See also: ''Ezhou''
In 221, warlord Sun Quan moved the capital of Eastern Wu from Gong'an county, Jingzhou to ? county , and renamed ? to Wuchang . Later in the year Cao Pi proclaimed himself the emperor of Cao Wei. Sun Quan declared independence in the following year, and started to build forts and palaces in Wuchang. Sun Quan proclaimed himself the emperor of Eastern Wu in 229, and moved the capital to Jianye. Sun Hao, the emperor of Eastern Wu between 264 and 280, moved the capital back to Wuchang in 265. In 589, the Wuchang commandery was abolished and the Wuchang county was transferred to a new commandery named Ezhou , and remained in the administration since then.
The present day Wuchang town
The Wuchang commandery was setup when ? was renamed to Wuchang, and included six counties. In 223 the commandery was renamed to Jiangxia, and the capital of the commandery moved to Xiakou . The name of the town was switched back and forth between Wuchang and Jiangxia several times in the following centuries. After 1301, the Wuchang prefecture, headquartered in the town, became the capital of Hubei province.
At the end of the Empire, the Wuchang prefecture was the capital of the combined provinces of Hubei and Hunan, called the 'two Hu' or ''Huguang''. It was the seat of the provincial government of Huguang, at the head of which was a viceroy. Next to Nanjing and Guangzhou, it was one of the most important vice-royalties in the empire.
It possessed an arsenal and a mint. The provincial government established ironworks for the manufacture of rails and other railway material. As the works did not pay under official management, they were transferred to the director-general of railways. Wuchang was not open to foreign trade and residence, but a considerable number of missionaries, both Roman Catholic and Protestant, lived within the walls. The native population was estimated at 800,000 around 1911, including cities on both banks. At that time, Wuchang was an important junction on the trunk railway from Beijing to Guangzhou; and was on the route of the Sichuan railway.
In Wuchang on October 10, 1911, a revolt broke out against the Qing Dynasty. This event, now called the Wuchang Uprising and celebrated as Double Ten Day, was the catalyst that started the Xinhai Revolution, which led to the development of the Republic of China.
In 1912, the Wuchang prefecture was abolished and a new Wuchang county was created. In 1926 the Wuchang town was promoted to a city, and merged with Hankou and to form a new city named Wuhan. After 1949, part of the Wuchang county was absorbed into the new Wuhan city and was named Wuchang, Qingshan and Hongshan districts, while the remain part still named the Wuchang county. In 1995, the Wuchang county became the Jiangxia district of Wuhan.
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